MIT Vedic Upcoming Program (Proposed): BSc in Vedic Sciences

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MIT School of Vedic Sciences is working to launch a novel degree program called BSc in Vedic Sciences in the upcoming academic year, 2021-22.

This degree program is designed from the ground up to enable Veda and shaastra gurukula students to pursue STEM education while continuing their traditional pursuits. A subset of it is also offered as an Under-graduate Diploma in Vedic Sciences, to equip mainstream UG students with the Vedic lens to apply in their respective fields while pursuing degrees elsewhere.

Detailed Note on the Program​

Background​

Since the inception of the University system, the scope of study and research in Indic / Vedic Shaastras has suffered limitations by being categorized as a subject of the Humanities / Arts disciplines. There is no denying that there are aspects in Vedic Shaastras that are fit to be perused as subjects of the Arts, but the aspects of the Vedic Shaastras that may be approached from the perspective of being “sciences” is grossly neglected in this process.

It was to serve this very purpose of scientific inquiry using Shaastric parameters that MIT SVS introduced its flagship program of MSc in Vedic Sciences, in the very year of its inception. And through the following 4 years, there have been ground breaking activities that the department has had the opportunity to work upon in the realm of Samskrit and Shaastras with some wonderful collaborations with like minded institutions.

Typically, those who approach the M.Sc / Master’s in Vedic Sciences program, are people mature in age and stature seeking active engagement with the Vedic knowledge systems, which is apt for the program. But there is a need to expand the reach of Vedic Sciences to a younger audience. This requires seasoning of the courses to suit their assimilation levels and requirements. The audience for B.Sc Vedic Sciences are from three backgrounds:

1. There is a dearth of opportunity for the students trained in the Gurukulas in accessing mainstream University learning based in Shaastras from an application oriented scientific perspective at the moment. The only other scope available to them is to go for Bachelor’s and thereon to Master’s in Arts in Samskrit, if they wish to pursue mainstream University learning. SVS is keen to address this academic limitation for Gurukula trained students by providing them access to B.Sc in Vedic Sciences and enable them to achieve a common footing of opportunities at par with other mainstream graduates and choose their stream of further learning ahead from the variety of opportunities this program would open to them. In the long term, we intend the B.Sc in Vedic Sciences to be as mainstream as the rest of the paths.
2. This program is available to all students whom the UGC recognizes as eligible for undertaking graduation programs, including those passing 10 +2 out of recognized school boards, NIOS board and traditional boards considered equivalent to 10 +2. These learners access modern subjects of education from a western perspective. This program enables them to calibrate their knowledge to enhance their understanding and application of knowledge with an objective oriented approach fortified by the Vedic worldview that this program aids them to acquire.
3. Non-residents of India, both of Indian and non-Indian origin, will find an opportunity to learn about Vedic knowledge systems, imbibe the Vedic worldview and explore their contemporary value.

In short, the targeted learners for this program are traditionally educated scholars from Gurukulas and traditional schools, who have passed their 10+2 board examinations conducted by an UGC approved HSC board as private candidates (including through NIOS). Learners from mainstream schools are also welcome to join the program based on their interest. Preference will be given to students from a Veda / shaastra gurukula who want to cross over from non-science streams to science stream learning in graduation.

This program provides the blend and balance that modern learners need, to propel themselves into excellence in application of knowledge, whether modern or traditional. It approaches the subjects of learning from a scope, function and structure point of view rather than from a textual and content learning method, both in case of Shaastras, and modern subjects. The program intends to imbue the Vedic outlook and attitude in the learners that is rooted in dispassionate inquiry, comprehensive perspectives and sustainable living.

Objectives:​

Through the B.Sc in VS program, MIT SVS intends to enable the learners to assimilate the structures, scope of application and functions in western and Vedic sciences and knowledge systems in a blended mode.

After completion of B.Sc (Vedic Sciences) candidates will be able to:

1. Understand structures, patterns, models / thought models and rationale of the scientific knowledge systems of the west and India.
2. Articulate the Vedic worldview on contemporary issues confidently and authentically.
3. Contrast the western and Vedic worldviews and blend their insights for different applications.
4. Communicate and work in tandem with technology professionals based in computation involving Vedic Shaastras.
5. Prepare for a deep dive into Shaastras to supplement contemporary technology / lifestyle / personality solutions.
6. Pursue career goals (armed with a vedic worldview) in science, technology, engineering, computation, governance & administration, leadership, public service, Shaastras, environmental sciences, politics, management, entrepreneurship and so on.

Unique Value of the Program:​

The impact of insights into the foundational Vedic worldview on the young minds, with emphasis on structures and thought models, will be a unique contribution that this program will bring. This program probes the foundation and models of knowledge systems as they are, in their own light, with regard to both Shaastric and (western) scientific worlds, so that learners may contrast, assimilate and contextually utilize both the systems of knowledge in real life applications, for robust outcomes.

Program Structure:​

1. Core Courses: 26 core courses spread over 6 semesters
2. Elective Course: 4 courses from SWAYAM based in one subject of specialization from a list of courses suggested by MIT SVS. (SWAYAM will be subscribed by MIT SVS)
3. Project Courses: Vacation project courses worth 2 credits in the first 5 semesters carry forward their credits to the next semesters. They are meant to hone the hands on working skills in Shaastra based topics using ICT. The courses are core, but the topics of the projects may be elective. There will be one major term project in the 6th semester.

Brief Outline of the Program​

The courses are organized in 5 learning tracks as follows:

Program Structure​

Here is a view of how the program is structured.

Eligibility for Admission:​

• Passing 10+2 from any school board that is recognized by UGC for eligibility in admission for graduate courses. Learners from Gurukula / Paathashaala background are encouraged to apply.
• For Gurukula students: An oral assessment of their traditional knowledge and comprehension skills.
• Written statement of purpose (1-page write-up by the candidate why he/she wants to join the program and career aspiration).

Duration: 3 years – Full time

Semesters: 6 semesters with 120 credits spread over three years

Minimum & Maximum Age Limit: No bar

Fee Structure (tentative)​

Discounted launch price (50% off) Rs. 40,000 per annum

Generous sponsorships are welcome to support deserving and needy students.

Student Intake​

• Minimum 1o
• Maximum 30

Potential Career Opportunities:​

Candidates after completing the Bachelor’s in Vedic Sciences will be able to:

• Pursue M Sc in Vedic Sciences at MIT SVS.
• Prepare for competitive public service commission examinations .
• Pursue higher studies and careers in Computing, IT, Science, Technology and Management disciplines.

Method of Delivery:​

• Full-time on-campus program in MIT-ADT University, Pune.
• Theory covered in interactive faculty guided sessions and discussions.
• Projects in utilitarian applications involving model building and problem solving.
• Interaction with experts in industry who have utilized Indic approaches for progress.
• The contact hours will be face to face sessions with blended learning sessions conducted using the latest technology and constructivist approach. Methods used will be jigsaw cooperative learning technique, debates, discussions, think-pair-share, group discussions, poster presentations, seminars etc. for which worksheets and handouts will be used for all the activities.

Assessment & Evaluation System:​

• Assessments will be internal and external. Relative weightage for External-Internal: is 60:40.
• Continuous assessment model with weekly activities and group assignments.
• Student has to pass internal assessment and external examination separately.
• Assessment pattern of core course will be carried out as shown in the table:

Sr. No.	Activity for Internal Assessment	Marks allotted	Total Marks
1	Continuous Assessment Activity for the course	40 Marks
2	University semester end Examination (either written or Project-based)	60 Marks	External = 60
Total	100 Marks	100

Curriculum outline​

Credits are mentioned in L-T-P ratio which indicates the weightage to Lecture-Tutorial-Project / Practical for each course.

Sem	Course code	Course Title	Credits (L-T-P)	Course Type	Track	Pre-
Sem 1	BVS131	Thinking in Samskrita (For non-Gurukula Students)	3-0-0	Core	3	None
BVS132	Thinking in English (For Gurukula students)	0-2-0	Core	3	None
BVS111	Understanding Vedic Knowledge Systems 1 – Landscape	3-0-0	Core	1	None
BVS141	Math 1 (Scope & functions of Arithmetic, Geometry, Algebra & Trigonometry)	3-0-1	Core	4	None
BVS151	Computational Thinking 1 – Data Structures & Programming	1-1-1	Core	5	None
BVS121	Understanding Western Knowledge Systems 1 – Origin, structure & evolution	2-1-0	Core	2	None
BVSP1	Vedic project -1	1-0-1	Core	–	None
Total	20
Sem 2	BVS231	Technical Sanskrit	3-0-1	Core	3	BVS131, BVS132
BVS211	Structure and Method of Shaastras	2-1-0	Core	1	None
BVS241	Physics	3-0-1	Core	4	None
BVS251	Computational Thinking 2 – Software Architecture –	2-1-0	Core	5	BVS151
BVS212	Vedic Sciences 1	3-1-0	Core	1	None
BVSP2	Vedic project – 2 (Modelling – VyaakaraNa)	1-0-1	Core	–	BVS141, BVS131, BVS132
Total	20
Sem 3	BVS331	Digital Communications –	1-1-1	Core	3	None
BVS311	Understanding Vedic Knowledge Systems 2 – Thought Models	3-0-0	Core	1	BVS111
BVS341	Chemistry	3-0-1	Core	4	None
BVS351	Computational Thinking 3 – Systemic thinking	2-1-0	Core	5	BVS151, BVS251
BVS312	Human Sciences 2 – Vedic Aesthetics	3-0-0	Core	1	None
BVSP3	Vedic project – 3 (Video presentation of Sem 1 & Sem 2 projects)	1-0-1	Core	–	BVSP1, BVSP2, BVS331
Total	18
Sem 4	BVS431	Robust Reasoning and Debating	2-0-1	Core	3	None
BVS411	Indic Philosophy of Life	3-0-0	Core	1	None
BVS442	Biology	3-0-1	Core	4	None
BVS451	Principles of data science 1 – Statistics & probability	1-1-1	Core	5	None
SWAYAM	4	Elective
BVSP4	Vedic project – 4 (Model for existing Chhandas)	1-0-1	Core	–	BVS421
Total	19
Sem 5	SWAYAM	4	Elective
BVS511	Vedic Sciences 3 – Social Sciences and Governance Models	2-1-0	Core	1	None
BVS541	Math 2 (Scope & function of Sets, Permutations & Combinations & Calculus)	3-0-1	Core	4	BVS141
BVS551	Principles of data science 2 – Models of Inference, causation & Truth	2-0-1	Core	5	BVS451
BVS521	Understanding Western Knowledge Systems 2 – Processes, models, institutions	3-0-0	Core	2	BVS121
BVSP5	Vedic project – 5 (Functional & structural abstraction from Shaastras)	1-0-1	Core	–	None
Total	19
Sem 6	SWAYAM	4	Elective
BVS611	Vedic Sciences 4	3-0-0	Core	1	None
BVSP6	(Vedic term project) (Publishable paper – double blinded peer reviewed)	0-0-8	Core	–	None
BVS651	AI, ML, Natural language Processing – NLP, Computational systems thinking	1-1-1	Core	5	BVS451
SWAYAM	4	Elective
BVSP6	Vedic project – 6	1-0-1	Core	–	None
Total	24
All Sem Total	120

requisite


(Reading/writing technical literature)


– Jyotisha & Vaastu Models


– Wellness & Psychology Models (Aayurvidya)

Syllabus​

Semester I​

Course: Thinking in Sanskrit (Core)​

Course Code: BVS131

Credits: 3

L-T-P ratio: 3-0-0

Hours: 45

Prerequisite: None

Course designer(s): Dr Tilak Rao

Objective: To enable learners to grasp the general usage of Sanskrit and to understand the structure of the language

Expected outcomes:

1. The learner will be able to understand Sanskrit as a general usage medium
2. The learner will be able to think and communicate simple sentences in Samskrit
3. The learner may gain the confidence to approach texts in Samskrit for self-study and follow when taught using Samskrit medium

Syllabus:

Unit – 1: विषयः – सम्भाषणसंस्कृतम्

उद्देश्यम् – संस्कृते सरलवाक्यानां निर्माणसामर्थ्यम्, व्यवहारे उपयुज्यमानानां संस्कृतपदानां ज्ञानम्

Unit – 2: विषयः – वर्णाः

उद्देश्यम् – संस्कृते प्रयुज्यमानानां वर्णानां ज्ञानम्, वर्णानां समीचीनोच्चारणस्य परिज्ञानम्

Unit – 3: विषयः – सर्वनाम्नां परिचयः

उद्देश्यम् – कस्मिन् अवसरे किं सर्वनाम प्रयोक्तव्यम् (सर्वनाम्नाम् एकवचनं बहुवचनं च), युष्मच्छब्दस्य प्रयोगे मध्यमः (एकवचनस्य एव परिचयः), अस्मच्छब्दस्य प्रयोगे उत्तमः, क्रियापदानां सामान्यतः परिचयः

Unit – 4: विषयः – शब्दानां परिचयः

उद्देश्यम् – अजन्तानां हलन्तानां च प्रसिद्धानां शब्दानां परिचयः। सम्बोधनप्रथमा। प्रसिद्धानाम् अव्ययानां ज्ञानम्

Unit – 5: विषयः – क्रियापदानां परिचयः

उद्देश्यम् – प्रसिद्धानां क्रियापदानां प्रयोगः, लट्, लोट्, लङ् एषां लकाराणां ज्ञानम्

Unit – 6: विषयः – प्रत्ययानां ज्ञानम्

उद्देश्यम् – प्रसिद्धानां केषाञ्चन प्रत्ययानाम् अवगमनम्, वाक्यनिर्माणे तेषाम् उपयोगिता, ग्रन्थेषु Unit – 7:

विषयः – सन्धिः उद्देश्यम् – सन्धिज्ञानसामर्थ्यं सन्धिविच्छेदसामर्थ्यं च

Unit – 8: विषयः – सुभाषितादीनाम् अवगमनम्

उद्देश्यम् – सरलकथानां पठनाभ्यासः, सरलश्लोकानाम् अवगमनं, पदानाम् अन्वयः

Suggested activities:

• Fortnightly sessions for topic based speech in simple Samskrit
• Games such as dumb charades, role play, skip the word, chinese whispers in Samskrit

Project:

1. Write street plays in simple Samskrit and enact
2. Prepare Samskrit labels for objects in the campus
3. Prepare instruction charts in Samskrit (like marking the way to SVS, save water, keep silence etc)
4. Prepare posters to explain simple subhāṣitas (can be collaborated with School of Design beginners)

References:

1. प्रथमदीक्षा, राष्ट्रियसंस्कृतसंस्थानम्, नवदेहली
2. अभ्यासपुस्तकम्, विश्वासः, संस्कृतभारती, बेङ्गलूरु
3. अभ्यासदर्शिनी, जनार्दन हेगडे, संस्कृतभारती, बेङ्गलूरु
4. हिन्दीसंस्कृतशब्दकोषः, श्रीप्रकाशपाण्डेयः, संस्कृतभारती, नवदेहली
5. संस्कृतव्यवहारसाहस्री, संस्कृतभारती, बेङ्गलूरु

Course: Thinking in English (For Gurukula students)​

Course Code: BVS132

Credits: 2

L-T-P ratio: 0-2-0

Hours: 15

Prerequisite: None

Course designer(s): UGC MIL

Objective: The purpose of this course is to introduce students to the theory, fundamentals and tools of communication and to develop in them vital communication skills which should be integral to personal, social and professional interactions.

Expected outcomes:

1. Understand the usage based structure of English as a medium of communication
2. Improve the fluency and proficiency in English usage
3. Comprehend the nature of communication and grasp how to communicate effectively in professional and social environs

Syllabus:

Unit – 1: Introduction: Theory of Communication & Types and modes of Communication Language of Communication

Unit – 2: Speaking Skills

Unit – 3: Public Speech Reading and Understanding

Unit – 4: Writing Skills

Tutorial:

1. Topic discussions in the format of:
   1. jigsaw cooperative learning technique
   2. debates
   3. Think-pair-share
2. Preparing university campus news reports, university campus cultural magazine in English

References:

1. Foundation English, Book II and III, Edited by Tara Chadha and Others, Publication Division, Delhi University.
2. Developing Language Skills-1 Ed. S.C. Sood et al. Spantech, Delhi 1991

Further recommendations for Language structures and functional English the following may be used across all streams:

1. Fluency in English Part 1
2. English at the Workplace Parts 1 and 2, Edited by Promodini Varma and Others, Oxford University Press, 2006.
3. Strengthen Your English, M. Bhaskaran and D. Horsburgh, Oxford University Press, Delhi 1973 Any other related Reading which has worked well in interactive pedagogy may be recommended and circulated through U.G.C.

Course: Understanding Vedic Knowledge Systems 1 – Landscape​

Course Code: BVS111

Credits: 3

L-T-P ratio: 3-0-0

Hours: 45

Prerequisite: None

Course designer(s): Dr Nagaraj Paturi

Objective: To introduce learners to the landscape of Vedic literature with broad taxonomy of Indic knowledge systems

Expected outcomes:

1. Knowledge of the sources of Vedic knowledge
2. Comprehension of the seamless nature of Vedic knowledge
3. Understand the purpose and utility of Vedic knowledge systems in enriching human life

Syllabus:

Unit – 1: Knowledge – Vedic context; Sources and classification of Indic (Vedic) Knowledge; Yajňas as Knowledge

Unit – 2: Vedāṅgas: Original context and so far identified contemporary knowledge aspects

Unit – 3: Other Vaidika-darśanas: Original context and so far identified contemporary knowledge aspects

Course: Math 1 (Scope & functions of Arithmetic, Geometry, Algebra & Trigonometry)​

Course Code: BVS141

Credits: 5

L-T-P ratio: 3-1-1

Hours: 45

Prerequisite: None

Course designer(s): T N Sudarshan

Objective: Introduce the student to the notion of the process of Mathematics and the main goals of Mathematics as a tool for modeling phenomena. The basics of Arithmetics, Algebra and Geometry and the tools used to understand them and manipulate the models

Expected outcomes:

1. A primer to the basics of Arithmetic, Algebra and Geometry
2. Understanding the role of math in modeling our world
3. Understand the notion of proof, and what it means to be “right”
4. Use of Math software tools for projects, understanding science, self study

Syllabus:

Unit – 1: The idea of the “Empirical”. The notion of Mathematical proof, Types of proof, Deductive vs Inductive proofs, Formal Mathematics. The role of “Abstractions” and “theory”

Unit – 2: Computational Mathematics, Ganita. Real world use of Mathematics, Arithmetic (Numbers, Number theory, Famous problems). Measurement of Angles, Basics of Trigonometry

Unit – 3: Geometry (different traditions), Numerical Analysis, Algebra, the idea of variables, equations, solving equations, Computer Algebra as a powerful modern tool for real world applications (with examples and interactive use)

Suggested activities:

• https://www.mathplanet.com/
• https://math.libretexts.org/Bookshelves

Tutorial:
https://www.sagemath.org/ Use SageMath system to solve Course problems

References:

1. Rajju Ganita – C K Raju
2. https://www.sagemath.org/

Course: Computational Thinking 1 – Data Structures & Programming​

Course Code: BVS151

Credits: 3

L-T-P ratio: 1-1-1

Hours: 15

Prerequisite: None

Course designer(s): T N Sudarshan

Objective: Provide the basic understanding to build programs. Understand Data, How to represent data, manipulate them using various algorithms. Build data structures using primitive elements. Learn to use advanced data structures as part of developing programming skills.

Expected outcomes:

1. Should be able to design basic data structures as part of designing simple programs.
2. Should be able to explain various data structures and their use.
3. Should be able to analyse algorithms using O notation in a basic manner
4. Should be able to use python to design programs for simple programs using data structures.

Syllabus:

Unit – 1: Python; List operations; Elementary inductive sorting; Basic algorithmic analysis

Unit – 2: Dictionaries, More on Python functions; Higher order functions on lists; String processing.

Unit – 3: Backtracking; Scope in Python; Data structures: ; “Linked” lists; Binary search trees; Efficient evaluation of recursive definitions; Dynamic programming; Other programming languages; Other programming paradigms

1. Basics of Python programming – https://www.learnpython.org/ [Learn the BASICS]

Project :

1. Model a simple phenomenon as a python function – Newton’s laws of Motion
2. Print out the Fibonacci numbers up to 1000
3. Check two integers to ensure one is even and the other odd
4. Calculate the position of a ball dropped from a tower
5. Count the number of aksharas, svara, vyanjana in the given Sanskrit Devanagari text. Identify samaasa
6. Count the number of aksharas, svara, vyanjana in the given Sanskrit IAST text. Identify samaasa

For Instructors:

1. http://www-personal.umich.edu/~mejn/cp/programs.html

Readings:

1. https://wizardforcel.gitbooks.io/sicp-in-python/content/1.html Chapter 1.1 to 1.5
2. https://www-inst.eecs.berkeley.edu//~cs61a/sp12/book/

Suggested activities:

• Code reading

Project: Use Data structures to model PANini’s AshtAdhyAyi

Course: Understanding Western Knowledge Systems 1 – Origin, structure & evolution​

Course Code: BVS121

Credits: 3

L-T-P ratio: 2-1-0

Hours: 30

Prerequisite: None

Course designer(s): T N Sudarshan

Objective: To introduce the western thought and its factors of its impact and sources of influence in order to be able to understand the structure and objectives of the western knowledge systems and science and technology in an evaluative manner.

Expected outcomes:

1. Understanding of the History of the West. How Science came to be in the West, the idea of the West.
2. The civilizational arc of Science. Great Civilizations of the past. A preliminary understanding of Comparative Civilizations.
3. The historical relationship between Science, Economics and Power.
4. The relationship of Technology , relative civilizational needs and the modern evolution of Science in distinct time periods.
5. Understanding the markers of “Western knowledge”.
6. Given description of a “phenomenon” or a “system”. Will be able to identify the influences of “Western Knowledge System”.

Detailed syllabus:

Unit – 1: Western Knowledge as a tool of Western Civilization. Eurocentrism.

Unit – 2: West – Origins to 1300, Renaissance, 1600 to WW2 (1945) – Primary sources of Western knowledge; Industrial Revolution; History of Sciences; Examples of unaddressed western myths

Unit – 3: West – WW2 to Today

Unit 4: Modeling in WKS

Suggested activities:

1. Compare approaches of Ayurveda and Modern Medicine
2. Astronomy, Multiplication using the abacus and Roman Numerals

Tutorial:

1. Discuss for one disease, diagnosis, healing processes in Modern medicine, Ayurveda.
2. https://ourworldindata.org/military-spending – Understand world data

References:

1. http://ckraju.net/books/Is-Science-Western-in-Origin.html
2. https://longitudeprize.org/challenge/history
3. http://www.indianscience.org/essays/15-%20E–Navigation%20&%20Math.pdf
4. http://www.vpmthane.org/bhaskara900/papers/M_D_Srinivas.pdf – THE METHODOLOGY OF INDIAN MATHEMATICS AND ITS CONTEMPORARY RELEVANCE
5. http://cpsindia.org/dl/science/logic-c2.pdf – INDIAN APPROACH TO LOGIC
6. https://homepage.univie.ac.at/martin.potschka/papersISSEI1996/Shankard.htm – Epistemology of a Traditional Indian Medical System and its Difference from Western Tradition. Example of How even well meaning Indian experts are misinformed about Western Origins. Purvapaksha of WKS is important

Course: Vedic project -1 (Reading/writing technical literature) (Tantrayukti)​

Course Code: BVSP1

Credits: 2

L-T-P ratio: 1-1-1

Hours: 15

Prerequisite: None

Course designer(s): Dr Jayaraman Mahadevan

Objective: To learn and practice in the current day context, India’s systematic approach to thesis/text construction through an ancient set of devices called Tantrayukti, in terms of its content, structure and the language. To learn the attributes of a good thesis/text and also the common defects in thesis construction.

Expected outcomes:

1. Develop a basic understanding of building blocks of a thesis/text.
2. Empower to decode the blueprint of any text – ancient or contemporary
3. Enable to evaluate the merits and demerits of any given text – ancient or contemporary
4. Exposure to classical Indian systematic approach to organize thoughts of any subject
5. Encourage to attempt a direct application of ancient mode of thinking in current context and verify its efficacy

Syllabus:

Unit – 1: Introduction to Textual wealth and the need to Organize Knowledge in Samskrit Tradition

Unit – 2: Tantrayukti – Comprehensive text Construction Manual – Introduction, History and Components

Unit – 3: Tantrayukti – the tools with definitions based on Arthashastra and illustrations from texts of diverse disciplines

Project:

• One learner one Yukti– Choose any one device and present your thoughts.
• Group Discussion: In three Groups – whether the sets of Yuktis on structure, content and Language of a thesis/text are adequate.
• Identifying Tantrayuktis in traditional texts or contemporary books and research papers.
• Attempting a short Monograph incorporating as many appropriate yuktis possible – on the topic of the participants’ choice.

References:

• Vidyabhushana, Dr. Satish Chandra (1921), A History of Indian Logic, Motilal Banarsidas, Calcutta
• Lele, W.K, (2006), Methodology of Ancient Indian Sciences, Chaukhamba Surabharati Prakashan, Varanasi.
• Muthuswamy, N.E., (1974), Tantrayuktivicāra, Publication Division, Government Ayurveda College, Trivandrum.
• Online Resource: https://dharmawiki.org/index.php/Tantrayukti

Semester II​

Course: Technical Sanskrit​

Course Code: BVS231

Credits: 4

L-T-P ratio: 3-0-1

Hours: 45

Prerequisite: BVS131, BVS132

Course designer(s): Dr Tilak Rao

Objective:

To familiarize students with the pan-Shaastric technical usages and structures in Indic Shaastras and to enable students to self-study Shaastric treatises.

Expected outcomes:

1. Familiarity with technical structures and usages in Indic Shaastras
2. Ability to self-study Shaastras and understand the concepts there in
3. Identify the technical content in the Shaastras and interpret them based on the Shaastric parameters
4. Appreciate the systematic methodology and scientific structure of Shaastras based on their modelling and representation

Syllabus:

Unit – 1: विषयः – विभक्तीनां प्रयोगाः

उद्देश्यम् – कारकविभक्तीनां सम्यक्तया अवगमनम्, उपपदविभक्तीनां ज्ञानम्, सति-सप्तमीप्रयोगस्य अवगमनं, विशेष्यविशेषणयोः सम्बन्धः

Unit – 2: विषयः – समासः

उद्देश्यम् – समस्तपदस्य अर्थावधारणसामर्थ्यवर्धनम्

Unit – 3: विषयः – शास्त्रे उपयुज्यमानानां कृत्तद्धितप्रत्ययानां परिचयः

उद्देश्यम् – शब्दकोशानाम् अनवलम्बनेन प्रसिद्धपदानाम् अर्थनिर्णयः, धातुपाठस्य साहाय्येन स्वतन्त्रतया अर्थग्रहणम्

Unit – 4: विषयः – वाक्यावगमप्रकारः

उद्देश्यम् – शास्त्रीयवाक्यानाम् अर्थस्य सम्यक्तया ग्रहणम्

Unit – 5: विषयः – शास्त्रीयविषयोपस्थापनक्रमः

उद्देश्यम् – भाष्यादिव्याख्यानग्रन्थानां सुलभतया अवगमनम्

Unit – 6:विषयः – पारिभाषिकपदानां परिचयः

उद्देश्यम् – तत्तच्छात्रीयपारिभाषिकपदानां ज्ञानम्

Unit – 7: विषयः – शास्त्रग्रन्थानां पठनाभ्यासः

उद्देश्यम् – शास्त्रग्रन्थानां स्वाध्यायक्रमपरिज्ञानम्

Tutorial:

1. Practice of वाक्यान्वय in simple poems like नीतिशतकम्, सुभाषितावली etc.
2. Identifying the अधिकरण structures in polemic texts
3. Studying commentaries of sUtra literature and noting their interpretations in simple language
4. Identifying technical terms and definitions in a text
5. Working out multiple meanings of compound words like रामेश्वर

Course: Structure and Method of Śāstras​

Course Code: BVS211

Credits: 3

L-T-P ratio: 2-1-0

Hours: 30

Prerequisite: None

Course designer(s): Dr Shrinivasa Varakhedi

Objective: To enable the participants to understand the purpose, structure, methodology and hierarchical classification of Indic sources based in Vedic worldview and to elucidate how to study them.

Expected outcomes:

1. Comprehending the Vedic worldview of knowledge, its purpose and its universal and holistic nature
2. Understanding and identifying the pan-SAstric structure and methodology of Indic knowledge sources

Syllabus:

Unit – 1: Indian world view:

Unit – 2: Indic sources – How to study?

Unit – 3: Introduction to the systematic structures of Vedic science literature

Unit – 4: Role and utilization of structures of Śāstra exposition in interpreting the Śāstra

Unit – 5: Scientific nature of Indic literature

Tutorial (suggested for study):

• Maṇḍala and aṣṭaka structures of Ṛgveda
• Vedāṅga structures
• Link between Saṁhitā and Āraṇyaka sections of Yajurveda
• Structure of Āgama texts
• Structure of Tantra texts
• Structure of Mahābhārata
• Structure of Purāṇas
• Structure of Mahākāvyas
• Caraṇavyūha – Vedalakṣaṇa

References:

1. Prasthāna-bheda by Madhusudana Sarasvati
2. Sanatana Dharma, An elementary Text Book of Hindu Religion and Ethics, Published by the Managing Committee, Central Hindu College, Benaras, 1916

Course: Physics​

Course Code: BVS241

Credits: 4

L-T-P ratio: 3-0-1

Hours: 45

Prerequisite: None

Course designer(s): T N Sudarshan

Objective: To enable learners to understand basic concepts in physics and assess the contributions, utility and application of the same in our life in the society.

Expected outcomes: By the end of the course, students will be able to:

1. Assess the role of science, and in particular, physics, in helping us to better understand the complex, technological society of which we are a part;
2. Trace the history of physics and the evolution of scientific thought from ancient to modern times;
3. Define and analyze the concepts of velocity, acceleration, force, inertia, mass, work, energy (kinetic, potential, etc.) momentum (linear and angular), gravity, tides, power, pressure, density, temperature, thermal expansion, heat, specific heat capacity, waves, sound, electric charge, current, magnetism, electromagnetic waves (including light), photons, and radioactivity;
4. Discuss the various types of motion, Newton’s Laws (including his Universal Law of Gravitation), the conservation laws of physics, the laws of electricity (e.g. Coulomb’s and Ohm’s Laws) and magnetism. The properties of waves (viz. sound and electromagnetic, including light) and the basic principles of atomic and nuclear physics, relativity and quantum theory;
5. Solve a variety of basic problems in particle kinematics (uniform motion and accelerated motion including “free fall”), dynamics using Newton’s Laws of Motion and the conservation laws of energy and momentum (e.g. collisions), fluid mechanics (including Archimedes’ and Bernoulli’s Principles), thermodynamics, wave motion, basic electricity (Coulomb’s and Ohm’s Laws), and radioactive decay;
6. Interpret the results of simple experiments and demonstrations of physical principles.

Syllabus:

Course topics will include the following:

1. Mechanics
2. Fluids
3. Heat
4. Waves and Sound
5. Electricity and Electromagnetism
6. Optics
7. Atomic Physics
8. Nuclear Physics

Suggested activities:

http://www.conceptualphysics.com/

Understand physics python code examples.

1. https://rhettallain_gmail_com.trink...-with-python#/introduction/physics-and-python

Tutorial: Readings and Problem solving from Paul Hewitt’s videos

Project: Programming in Python. 6 problem Sets

References:

1. http://www.conceptualphysics.com/
2. Conceptual Physics – Paul Hewitt
3. https://rhettallain_gmail_com.trink...-with-python#/introduction/physics-and-python

https://www.compadre.org/picup/exercises/exercise.cfm?A=Python

Course: Computational Thinking 2 – Software Architecture​

Course Code: BVS251

Credits: 3

L-T-P ratio: 2-1-0

Hours: 30

Prerequisite: BVS151

Course designer(s): T N Sudarshan

Objective: In this course we answer these questions

• What is software architecture?
• How do you use software architectures in practice?
• What does a software architect do for an organization?
• What value does software architecture provide?

This course introduces the essential concepts of software architecture. A software architecture is an abstract view of a software system distinct from the details of implementation, algorithms, and data representation. Architecture is, increasingly, a crucial part of a software organization’s strategy. We emphasize the importance of the business (or mission) context in which systems are designed and introduce participants to software architectures, and methods to create and analyze them, in real-world settings.

Will have a better understanding of

• what is a software architecture , why software architecture is important
• the relationships between system qualities and software architectures
• software architectural patterns and tactics, and their relationship to system qualities
• attribute-driven design, software architecture documentation
• software architecture evaluation, architectural reuse via software product lines
• architectures in Agile projects, Open Source ecosystems, Licensing, developing software with distributed teams

Syllabus:

Unit – 1: The Hardware view , The Software View

Unit – 2: The Product Engineering view

Unit – 3: Case Studies

Tutorial:

• Examine architecture of one large Open Source project. Analyse it based on what you have learnt in this course

Readings

• https://wizardforcel.gitbooks.io/sicp-in-python/content/1.html Ch 1,6, Ch 2
• https://www-inst.eecs.berkeley.edu//~cs61a/sp12/book/

References:

1. https://www.oreilly.com/library/view/software-architecture-in/9780132942799/
2. http://jz81.github.io/course/sa/Software Architecture in Practice (3rd).pdf
3. http://aosabook.org/en/index.html

Course: Vedic Sciences 1 – Jyotisha & Vaastu Models​

Course Code: BVS212

Credits: 2

L-T-P ratio: 2-0-0

Hours: 30

Prerequisite: None

Course designer(s): Dr Dinakar Marathe

Objective: To introduce learners to the models of different categories that form the structure of Jyotiṣa Śāstra and to develop primary skills of application in it, and to explore the different models of Vāstu Śāstra proposed through its different schools and to develop a scientific approach towards this subject

Expected outcomes:

1. Understanding of different categories as structures of Jyotiṣa Śāstra and their applications in arriving at outcomes
2. Knowing the multiple structures in which Vāstu Śāstra is applicable along with the different models proposed by different theorists

Syllabus:

Unit 1 – Origin and Development of Jyotiṣa

Unit 2 – Indian models of time calculation & Basic astronomy

Unit 3 – Calculation of ascendant & Planetary Positions

Unit 4 – Origin of Vāstu Śāstra, Models and propagators of Vāstu Śāstra

Unit 5 – The Puruṣa model in Vāstu, processes and infrastructures

Unit 6 – Temple architecture (Mandira-vāstu) & Town Planning (Grāma-vāstu, Nagara-vāstu)

Suggested activities:

• Practice of Lagna Calculation (Jātaka-nirmaṇa)
• Study of residential, temple and town layouts based on understanding of theories of Vāstu

References:

1. Bruhatpārāśara-horāśāstra – parāśara, Chaukhaṃbā Publication, Vārāṇasi
2. Sūryasiddhānta – Rāmacandra Pāṇḍeya, Chaukhambā Publication, Vārāṇasi
3. Bhāratīya-kuṇḍalī-vijñāna, Mīṭhālāla Ojhā, Chaukhambā Publication, Vārāṇasi
4. Graha-nakṣatram, Sampūrṇānanda Sanskṛta University, Vārāṇasi
5. Arvācīna-jyotirvijñāna, Rāmanātha Sahāya, Sampūrṇānanda Sanskṛta University, Vārāṇasi
6. Bhāratīya jyotiṣa śāstrācā itihāsa, Śaṅkara Bāḷakṛṣṇa Dīkṣita, Puṇe
7. Bṛhat-jātaka of Varāhamihira, Motilāla Banarasīdāsa, New delhi
8. Muhurta-cintāmaṇi, Rāma Daivajña, Caukhambā Prakāśana, Vārāṇasi
9. Muhūrta-gaṇapati, Muralīdhara Caturvedī, Motilāla Banarasīdāsa, New Delhi
10. Sūrya-siddhānta, Caukhaṃbā Prakāśana, Vārāṇasi
11. Jātaka-pārijāta, Gopeśa Kumara Ojhā, Motilāla Banarasīdāsa, New Delhi
12. Bṛhat-avakahaḍā-cakram, Kedāradatta Jośi, Motilāla Banarasīdāsa, Delhi
13. Viśvakarmā-prakāśa, Abhaya Kātyāyana, Caukhambā Surabhāratī, Vārāṇasī
14. Bṛhat-saṁhitā, Sureśacandra Miśrā, Rañjana Publications, New Delhi
15. Mayamatam, Bruno Dagens, Indirā Gāndhī National Center for Arts
16. Samarāṅgaṇa-sūtradhāra of bhojarāja, S. K. Sarmā, Parimala Publications, Delhi
17. Bhāratīya vāstuśātra kā itihāsa, Dr. Vidyādhara, Eastern Book Linkers, New Delhi
18. Bṛhat Vāstu Mālā, Rāma Nihora Dvivedī, Caukhambā Surabhāratī Granthamālā, Vārāṇasī
19. Mayamatam, Śailajā Pāṇḍeya, Caukhambā Surabhāratī, Vārāṇasī
20. Vāstu Śāstra Vimarśa, Hari Prasāda Pāṇḍeya, New Bhāratīya book corporation, New Delhi

Course: Vedic project – 2 (Modelling – Vyākaraṇa)​

Course Code: BVSP2

Credits: 2

L-T-P ratio: 1-0-1

Hours: 15

Prerequisite: BVS141, BVS131, BVS132

Course designer(s): T N Sudarshan, contributions from DR Sai Susarla & Smt. Sarada Susarla

Objective: Learners will use Computational Thinking skills and programming to model the Sanskrit language.

Expected outcomes:

1. Engage in process of thinking computationally
2. Learn to think is terms of models
3. Learn to code IKS models in python

Syllabus:

Unit – 1:

Language, Language models, Sanskrit vs other languages, thinking in terms of processes and states, state space, Vyākaraṇa state space. Why Sanskrit is different from any other language. How to model this difference. What does it mean for programmers? Summary of current state-of-art.

Suggestions:

1. Model VyAkarana state space
2. Model Amarakoṣa using this state space
3. Model dhātus through permutations of akṣara
4. Māheśvara-sūtras (phonemic) Model
5. Model Aṣṭādhyāyī of Pāṇini as a constraint model over this state space.

References:

1. Basics of Sanskrit Computational Linguistics

Semester III​

Course: Digital Communications​

Course Code: BVS331

Credits: 3

L-T-P ratio: 1-1-1

Hours: 15

Prerequisite: None

Course designer(s): T N Sudarshan

Objective: Learn to present ideas/arguments in various forms. Learn skills and tools for basic planning and layout of ideas, projects, presenting knowledge, findings, research.

Expected outcomes:

1. Ability to present problem statements and describe a problem.
2. Ability to present projects and execution plans in concise form.
3. Ability to present findings of research.

Syllabus:

Unit – 1: PROBLEM Communication

Unit – 2: PROCESS Communication

Unit – 3: SOLUTION Communication

Suggested activities:

• Read up on Writing skills. Practice blog writing. Thought on VS courses.
• Practice English presentation skills. Indian language communication (use Sanskrit or any one regional language)
• All students are encouraged to own and design their own websites as part of the BSc Vedic Sciences degree.

Tutorial: Tutorials for making Infographics. DO online tutorials for making videos, flyers, infographics. Use Adobe Spark.

Project: Present projects of Sem 1 and Sem 2 as part of Problem and Process Communication.

References:

1. Are your lights on? – G.Weinberg
2. https://spark.adobe.com/ex/edu/

Course: Understanding Vedic Knowledge Systems 2 – Thought Models​

Course Code: BVS311

Credits: 4

L-T-P ratio: 3-0-0

Hours: 45

Prerequisite: BVS111

Course designer(s): Dr Nagaraj Paturi

Objective: To introduce learners to the ontology, metaphysics, epistemology and thought models in some Indic thought systems

Expected outcomes:

1. Understanding the purpose and thought process of the four thought systems in framing their ontologies
2. Comprehension of the perspectives of the world according to each of the four thought systems
3. Identifying the scope, functions and application of the four thought models

Syllabus:

Unit – 1: Nyāya-Vaiśeṣika System of Thought:

Unit – 2: The System of Sāṅkhya

Unit – 3: The System of Pūrvamīmāṁsā

Unit – 4: The System of Vyākaraṇa

Tutorial:

1. Applying the four thought models to one case
2. Providing comparative ontologies of the different schools of thought
3. Deriving the function and scope of the thought models in the overall Vedic knowledge landscape

References:

1. Tarka-sangraha by Annambhatta by Athalye and Bodas

Course: Chemistry​

Course Code: BVS341

Credits: 4

L-T-P ratio: 3-0-1

Hours: 45

Prerequisite: None

Course designer(s): T N Sudarshan

Objective: Broad Introduction to Chemistry. Its position as a premier “real” touch and feel science discipline. Teach the main basic vocabulary of Chemistry.

Expected outcomes:

1. Ability to understand the role of Chemistry in Modern Living.
2. Comprehend the “Chemistry” aspect in phenomena of interest
3. Grasp of vocabulary, models used and the process and practice of Chemistry as a Science

Syllabus:

Course topics will include the following:

1. Matter and Measurement
2. Atoms, Molecules, and Ions
3. Stoichiometry: Calculations with Chemical Formulas and Equations
4. Reactions in Aqueous Solution
5. Thermochemistry
6. Electronic Structure of Atoms
7. Periodic Properties of the Elements
8. Basic Concepts of Chemical Bonding
9. Molecular Geometry and Bonding Theories
10. Gases
11. Liquids and Intermolecular Forces
12. Solids and Modern Materials
13. Properties of Solutions
14. Chemical Kinetics
15. Chemical Equilibrium
16. Acid–Base Equilibria
17. Additional Aspects of Aqueous Equilibria
18. Chemistry of the Environment
19. Chemical Thermodynamics
20. Electrochemistry
21. Nuclear Chemistry
22. Chemistry of The Nonmetals
23. Transition Metals and Coordination Chemistry
24. The Chemistry of Life: Organic and Biological Chemistry

Suggested activities:

1. https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshe...hemistry_-_The_Central_Science_(Brown_et_al.)

Tutorial:

End of Chapter material and accompanying website material

Project:

Solve exercises (marked)

References:

1. Chemistry :” The Central Science” . Theodore Brown

https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshe...hemistry_-_The_Central_Science_(Brown_et_al.)

Course: Computational Thinking 3 – Systemic thinking​

Course Code: BVS351

Credits: 3

L-T-P ratio: 2-1-0

Hours: 15

Prerequisite: BVS151, BVS251

Course designer(s): T N Sudarshan

Objective: Basic introduction to the following

What is “thinking about X”? What is a System? What is Systems thinking? What is Computation? What is a Computational System? What is Computational thinking? What is Computational systems thinking? Looking at Systems Computationally.

Appreciate what General systems thinking is. What is a “Knowledge” System? Looking at Knowledge Systems computationally. The process of comparing Knowledge Systems . How to compare WKS and IKS when attempting to build an explainable model? Understand how Knowledge systems affect the ability to do Systems Thinking.

Expected outcomes:

1. Learn the processes behind Systems Thinking
2. Actively engage in seeing the world around us as a system of interacting subsystems.
3. Discuss the implications of understanding of a phenomenon via different Knowledge systems

Syllabus:

Unit – 1: Systems Thinking

Unit – 2: Computation

Unit – 3: The Model Space; Vedic systemic thinking – Consciousness based approaches

Suggested activities:

1. View presentations, read and understand MMRSV

Project:

1. Analyse using Vedic principles, (different teams)
   1. the Indian Constitution
   2. the idea of Democracy
   3. the system of Elections

References:

1. MMRSV – Video lectures / presentations by Dr. P. Ramanujachar
2. An Introduction to General Systems Thinking – G. Weinberg
3. Passive Regulation: General Systems Design Principles – G. Weinberg
4. Active Regulation: General Systems Design Principles – G. Weinberg
5. Rethinking Systems Analysis and Design – G. Weinberg
6. System Design Modeling and Metamodeling – van Gigch

Course: Vedic Sciences 2 – Aesthetic models​

Course Code: BVS312

Credits: 3

L-T-P ratio: 3-0-0

Hours: 45

Prerequisite: None

Course designer(s): Dr Nagaraj Paturi and Dr Sai Susarla

Objective: To look into the Vedic concepts of aesthetics and creativity; to discuss the various aspects and theories related to poetics and arts in Indic creative knowledge systems and their extension to contemporary art and design.

Syllabus:

Unit – 1: Psychology of Beauty

Unit – 2: Vedas: View of beauty of nature and art

Unit – 3: Prerequisites of creativity: Kāvyahetus: Pratibhā, Vyutpatti, Abhyāsa; Purpose /benefits of poetry (art) Kāvyaprayojanas

Unit – 4: Mother of all Vedic Aesthetic texts: Nāṭyaśāstra

Unit – 5: Kāvyātmā theories: Rasa theory; Dhvani theory; Rīti theory; Alaṅkāra theory; Aucitya theory; Vakrokti theory; Kavisamayas (Poetic conventions)

Course: Vedic project – 3 (Video presentation of Sem 1 & Sem 2 projects)​

Course Code: BVSP3

Credits: 2

L-T-P ratio: 0-1-1

Hours: 10 hours

Prerequisite: BVSP1, BVSP2, BVS331

Course designer(s): T N Sudarshan

Objective: Articulate, communicate, present effectively the PROBLEM-PROCESS-SOLUTION for Vedic projects 1, 2.

Expected outcomes:

1. Communication Tool usage skills
2. Adobe Spark Skilling
3. Systematic thinking about presentation and communication

Syllabus:

Unit – 1: Abstract writing, Communicating ideas to different audiences

Suggested activities: Readings from BVS112

Project: Present projects of Sem 1 and Sem 2 as part of Problem–Process-Solution Communication.

Semester IV​

Course: Robust Reasoning and Debating​

Course Code: BVS431

Credits: 3

L-T-P ratio: 2-0-1

Hours: 30

Prerequisite: None

Course designer(s): Dr Tilak Rao

Objective:

1. To introduce the reasoning acumen and structured model of debate available in Indian epistemology
2. To equip learners with the skill of debating by closely following the reasoning structure of statements in debate, discourse, discussion etc and present their own points of view and assess the opponent’s / speaker’s point of view

Expected outcomes:

1. Learners will understand the concept of knowledge, its classification and means and system of reasoning in Indian epistemology
2. Learners will be able to identify structures, fallacies in arguments and develop robust reasoning skills

Syllabus:

Unit – 1: Cognition and its means

Unit – 2: Reasoning: Inference, valid and fallacious reasoning

Unit – 3: Debating

Suggested activities:

• Organize debates in the vāda structure
• Test invariable concomitance instances in real life situations and check for fallacies

Tutorial:

• Explore structures of fallacies of cognition and debating in Schools of philosophy other than Nyāya

Project:

• Evaluate the arguments in reasoning exercise books from the vāda perspective

References:

1. Tarkasaṅgraha
2. Pramāṇa-paddhati

Course: Indic Philosophy of Life​

Course Code: BVS411

Credits: 3

L-T-P ratio: 3-0-0

Hours: 45

Prerequisite: None

Course designer(s): Dr Nagaraj Paturi

Objective: Pursuing “philosophy of life” by itself as one of the Indic knowledge systems and understanding Vedic worldview as the context of various Indic knowledge disciplines being pursued.

Expected outcomes:

1. Comprehend the Vedic worldview that governs the social, societal, personal and occupational goals and means in the world
2. Grasp the Vedic outlook regarding life in the here and hereafter and the cycle of life
3. Understand the concepts of Svadharma, free will and duty oriented action vis-a-vis desire driven action

Syllabus:

Unit – 1: Purushārthas; Pravṛtti-mārga – advancing to action; Nivṛtti-mārga – advancing to return; Āśramas – Facilitation for Pravṛtti and Nivṛtti; Varṇas – Organized facilitation for action; Svadharma as governing aspect

Unit – 2: Cycle of life – Iha and Para; Various lokas; Spiritual paths

Unit – 3: Karma theory

Unit – 4: Violence and non-violence – Mutual dependence of Gṛhastha and Sannyāsa

Tutorial:

• Frame a model of the Catuṣṣaṣṭīi-vidyāsthānas into a framework of the Puruśārthas that they address, which varṇa / āśrama they fit for
• Read and discuss the context of ‘svadharme nidhanaṁ śreyaḥ paradharmo bhayāvahaḥ’ from five commentaries of Bhagavadgītā
• Discuss the contexts of ‘mā phaleshu kadācana’ and ‘sarva-dharmān parityaja māmekaṁ śaraṇam vraja’ with regards to abhyudaya and niśśreyas in the life of an individual

References:

1. बलदेव उपाध्याय, संस्कृत साहित्य का इतिहास, शारदा निकेतन, वाराणसी
2. बलदेव उपाध्याय, वैदिक साहित्य और संस्कृति, वाराणसी
3. राधावल्लभ त्रिपाठी, संस्कृत साहित्य का अभिनव इतिहास, विश्वविद्यालय प्रकाशन, वाराणसी
4. Winternitz Maurice, Indian Literature (Vol. I – III), Motilal Banarsidass, Delhi
5. Pujyasri Chandrasekharendra Saraswati, The Vedas, Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, Sudakshina Trust, Mumbai

Course: Biology​

Course Code: BVS442

Credits: 5

L-T-P ratio: 3-0-1

Hours: 45

Prerequisite: None

Course designer(s): T N Sudarshan

Objective: Broad Introduction to Biology as a Life Science. Teach the main basic vocabulary of Biology and an introduction to the ways in which Knowledge is understood and created in Biology, using other Sciences like Chemistry, Physics and Mathematics.

Expected outcomes:

1. Appreciate how Biology is done in “Science”.
2. The assumptions and vocabulary of biology are exposed to the student.
3. Students should be able to read up and understand explanations from a grasp of the basic themes in biology and the tools used to explain phenomena.

Syllabus:

Unit 1: Biology and Its Themes

Unit 2: The origin and evolution of life forms

Unit 3: Plant and animal systems

Unit 4: An Overview of Ecology

Suggested activities:

Readings from the Book

Tutorial:

Readings and discussions from the book

References:

1. Biology: A Global Approach: Neil Campbell

Course: Principles of data science 1 – Statistics & probability​

Course Code: BVS451

Credits: 3

L-T-P ratio: 1-1-1

Hours: 15

Prerequisite: None

Course designer(s): T N Sudarshan

Objective: Basics of statistics, grasp of basic concepts in statistics, grasp of data, understand notions about data like distribution, descriptive notions in statistics. PMF, CDF, One dimensional Random variables, Distributions, Basic probability, Rules of Probability, Binomial distribution, Hypothesis testing.

Expected outcomes:

1. Reason about situations using probabilities, expectation, and variance.
2. Feel comfortable learning about new probability concepts beyond the scope of this class (e.g., through one’s own research, studies, or interests).
3. Write programs to simulate random experiments and to test experimental hypotheses.

Syllabus:

Unit – 1: Descriptive statistics, Means, Averages, Variance, Distributions, Histograms, Plotting Histograms, Visualisations

Unit – 2: Conditional probability, Cumulative distribution functions, Conditional distributions, Random numbers, Summary statistics

Unit – 3: Distributions, Modeling distributions, Basic Probability, Binomial Distribution, Operations on Distributions

Suggested activities: Use python to code examples of all concepts that you are learning in this course

Tutorial: Read python docs related to numpy

Project:

1. Histogram of Rgveda by various distributions

References:

1. https://greenteapress.com/thinkstats/thinkstats.pdf
2. https://www.dataquest.io/blog/basic-statistics-in-python-probability/
3. https://web.stanford.edu/class/cs109/handouts/syllabus.html
   1. https://web.stanford.edu/class/cs109/handouts/python.html

Course: SWAYAM – TBD​

Course: Vedic project – 4​

Course Code: BVSP4

Credits: 2

L-T-P ratio: 1-0-1

Hours: 15

Prerequisite: BVS421

Course designer(s): T N Sudarshan

Objective: To use the framework of Chhandas-śāstra to create algorithms of combinatorics to enumerate binomial combinations of metres keeping in mind their occurrence in Vedic / classical Samskrit literature

Expected outcomes:

1. The learners will be able to comprehend the binary system and binomial combinations of metres coded in the Chhandas-śāstra
2. They will be able to create algorithms of combinatorics to capture the binomial combinations of the metres and identify them in Vedic / classical Samskrit literature
3. The impact of the metres on the interpretation of pieces of literature will be observed by the learners

Syllabus:

Unit – 1: Creating algorithms of combinatorics to enumerate binomial combinations of metres keeping in mind their occurrence in Vedic / classical Samskrit literature

References:

1. https://www.academia.edu/6353023/Mi...dian_metrical_system_for_the_use_of_students_

Semester V​

Course: Vedic Sciences 3 – Social Sciences and Governance Models​

Course Code: BVS511

Credits: 3

L-T-P ratio: 2-1-0

Hours: 30

Prerequisite: None

Course designer(s): Sumedha Verma Ojha

Objective: To lay out the Indic structure of society, social organization and governance with its close links to Vedic Philosophy; Varṇāśrama-dharma and the four Puruṣārthas as the basis for both social organisation and governance, Dharma as the pivot for governance. Explication of the difference between Western and Indic models of governance.

Expected outcomes:

1. Understanding structures, patterns, models / thought models and rationale of the social organisation of Indic and Western social organisation and governance
2. Contrasting the Western and Vedic worldviews and applying the latter to modern social and governance structures. The Indian worldview has been taken over by Western models but this course will put the Vedic view firmly back into a contemporary understanding with the necessary epistemological adaptations.

Syllabus:

Unit – 1: Social Organisation: The Caste System; Classic Western Views; Varṇāśrama-dharma

Unit – 2: Governance Models: Saptāṅga State Model; Indian examples of Saptāṅga State Applications; A SWOT Analysis using the 7 Prakṛtis

Unit – 3: Placing Indic Models in Perspective: Comparison of Caste System and Varṇa-vyavasthā; Western Foundations of the Caste System; Caste and Social Capital; An Indian Theory of Politics and State Formation based on the Arthaśāstra; Comparison of Classical Western Political Theory with Indian political Theory; Placing Caste into the Current Political Context

Projects:

1. Collection and Analysis of NCRB data to verify evidence of caste atrocities
2. Critiquing Selected Writings of B.R. Ambedkar and E.V. Ramaswamy
3. Rethinking Varṇa in contemporary India
4. Applying the Saptāṅga State Model to the Republic of India
5. Applying “Mitra”, the seventh Prakṛti, to current geopolitics to draw policy conclusions
6. The Welfare State, a modern European concept or an ancient Vedic one?
7. Kauṭilya vs Machiavelli vs Sun Tzu

References:

1. Social Stratification by Dipankar Gupta
2. Homo Hierarchicus by Louis Dumont
3. Inequality Among men by Andre Beteille
4. On Understanding Caste by T.N. Madan
5. Western Foundations of the Caste System by Prakash Shah et al
6. The Heathen in his Blindness by S. Balagangadhara
7. The Arthashastra of Kautilya Tr. R.P. Kangle Vol1-Vol III
8. To Uphold the World by Bruce Rich
9. Indigenous Historical Knowledge Vol1 – Vol IV Manohar Parrikar Institute for Defence Studies and Analysis
10. Caste as Social Capital by R. Vaidyanathan

Course: Math 2 (Scope & function of Sets, Combinatorics, Calculus)​

Course Code: BVS541

Credits: 4

L-T-P ratio: 3-0-1

Hours: 45

Prerequisite: BVS141

Course designer(s): T N Sudarshan

Objective: Introduce the student to the intuitive nature of Sets, Idea of functions, relations. Combinatorics, the idea of algorithmic counting. The notion of functions, function change and transformation using the ideas of the derivative. The methods of Calculus, applications of calculus and the techniques used.

Expected outcomes:

1. A primer to the basics of Sets, Functions, Relations
2. The basics of counting, methods and algorithms of Combinatorics
3. The fundamentals of Functions, the notion of derivatives, Differentiation, Integration and differential equations
4. Use of Math software tools for projects, understanding science, self study

Syllabus:

Unit – 1: The notion of Sets underpinning all of Formal Mathematics; Functions; Systems of Equations; Inequalities

Unit – 2: Combinatorics; Generating functions; Basics of Graph Theory

Unit – 3: Calculus; Applications and Techniques

Suggested activities:

• https://www.mathplanet.com/
• https://math.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Calculus/Book:_Calculus_(OpenStax)

Tutorial:
https://www.sagemath.org/ Use SageMath system to solve Course problems

References:

1. https://www.sagemath.org/
2. https://math.libretexts.org/Bookshelves

Course: Principles of data science 2 – Models of Inference, causation & Truth​

Course Code: BVS551

Credits: 3

L-T-P ratio: 2-0-1

Hours: 30

Pre-requisite: BVS451

Course designer(s): T N Sudarshan

Objective: Basics of Inferential statistics, grasp of basic concepts in inference, Estimation, Correlation. Understand models of causation. Bayesian Inference.

Expected outcomes:

1. Reason about situations using statistics and inference based on statistics
2. Feel comfortable learning about new probability concepts beyond the scope of this class (e.g., through one’s own research, studies, or interests).
3. Write programs to model phenomena in a probabilistic way.

Syllabus:

Unit – 1: Estimation, Errors, Correlation

Unit – 2: Bayes Theorem, Bayesian Probability. Frequentist vs Bayesian

Unit – 3: Statistics in Machine Learning, Regression

References:

1. https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/mathema...on-to-probability-and-statistics-spring-2014/
2. Probability Theory: The Logic of Science : E T Jaynes

Course: Understanding Western Knowledge Systems 2 – Processes, models, institutions​

Course Code: BVS521

Credits: 3

L-T-P ratio: 3-0-0

Hours:45

Prerequisite: BVS121

Course designer(s): T N Sudarshan

Objective: Understand the Knowledge creation and dissemination processes in the Hard Sciences and the Soft Sciences

Expected outcomes:

1. For the Hard Sciences
   1. Understand the methodologies of the process of doing Science
      1. Physics
      2. Chemistry
      3. LifeSciences
      4. Economics
   2. The role of Mathematics and Formal Methods in “Science”
   3. Understand the role of development of “Technology”, Understanding of How “Scientific” is Engineering
   4. The PEER REVIEW ecosystem of Science
   5. Journals, Labs, Sharing of work, the markers of “Acceptance”
   6. The role of Science as a handmaiden of Capitalism and GeoPolitics explicated
2. For the Soft Sciences (Humanities, Social Sciences)
   1. Understand the methodologies of the process of doing SocialScience
      1. Sociology
      2. History
      3. Philosophy
      4. Literature
      5. Political Science
   2. The role of Mathematics and Formal Methods in “Social Sciences”
   3. The role of Universities (Hard Sciences) in legitimising Social Sciences
   4. Journals, Labs, Sharing of work, the markers of “Acceptance”
   5. The role of Social Sciences as the principal tool of Power, Propaganda, Policy, Modern Colonisation

Syllabus:

Unit – 1: The Knowledge Life Cycle in the Hard Sciences

Unit – 2: The Knowledge Life Cycle in the Soft Sciences

Unit – 3: Role of Hard Sciences in the Clash of Civilizations

Unit – 4: Role of Soft Sciences in the Clash of Civilizations

Suggested activities:

1. Read and analyse BM Hegde’s: What they don’t teach you in Medical School?
2. Discuss the role of the Indian Judiciary system (designed on Western ideas of Law and Justice) as a tool of Dharma
3. What would a Vedic Sociological model be like? Discuss.

Tutorial:

1. Discuss BM. Hegde’s work
2. Discuss SL Bhyrappa’s, Sitaram Goel ji’s, Dharampal ji’s works
3. https://ourworldindata.org/military-spending – Understand world data, more dimensions

References:

1. Dharampal ji’s Works
2. Sitaram Goel ji, Ram Swarup ji Voice of India Publications
3. Rajiv Malhotra – Being DIfferent, Battle for Sanskrit, AI and Power
4. S N Balagangadhara – All Roads lead to Jerusalem
5. Thomas Sowell – Intellectuals and Society

Course: Vedic project – 5​

Course Code: BVSP5

Credits: 2

L-T-P ratio: 1-0-1

Hours: 15

Prerequisite: None

Course designer(s): Dr Sai Susarla and Sri J Suryanarayana

Objective: To enable learners to navigate Śāstra texts using KR (knowledge representation) tools like the Shaastra map to extract the abstract structure of the text with its conceptual connection by using Tantrayuktis and Nyāya-sambandhas as the framework of the structure

Expected outcomes:

1. The learners will be able to create a graphical representation of a text that may be drilled down to a chosen level of depth
2. By abstraction of the structure of the text the conceptual framework of the text may be assimilated functionally and relation wise
3. Learners will be able to provide a Glossary, Category hierarchy, topic discourse and a topic summary abstracted from the text using the Shaastra Map tool

Syllabus:

Unit – 1: Introduction to Shaastra Maps; Nyāya-sambandhas

Project: Tagging a Shaastra Map of a chosen Śāstra text or a section thereof

References:

1. https://www.vedavaapi.org/2020/05/12/shaastra-maps/

Semester VI​

Course: SWAYAM – TBD​

Course: Vedic Sciences 4 – Wellness and Psychology Models (Āyurvidyās)​

Course Code: BVS611

Credits: 3

L-T-P ratio: 3-0-0

Hours: 45

Prerequisite: None

Course designer(s): Dr S Sushrutha

Objective:

• Identifying the factors of health from Āyurveda and Yogic systems of medicine
• To offer probable Śāstric methods of healing

Expected outcomes:

• Recognise and plan the lifestyle factors of health

Syllabus:

Unit – 1: Concept of health in Vedic system; Potentiality of a human entity; Role and relevance of Āyurveda and Yoga

Unit – 2: Āyurveda: Ingredients of Sthūla and Sūkṣma-śarīra

Unit – 3: Yoga: States and functions of Citta; Obstacles of mind and methods to overcome as suggested in Yogic system

References:

1. Yogasūtras
2. Haṭhayogapradīpikā
3. Cārucarya

Course: (Vedic term project)​

Course Code: BVSP7

Credits: 8

L-T-P ratio: 0-0-8

Hours: 15

Prerequisite: None

Course designer(s): Mentoring faculty

Objective: To enable learners to author a paper that is of the standard of publication in a double blinded peer reviewed journal in the subject of their choice in Vedic Science with guidance from a mentor

Expected outcomes:

1. The learners will choose a subject in Vedic Science from their learning through the previous semesters to present their work, preferably, a socially useful application / utility of a Vedic science model / framework / function / structure / tool etc. to undertake a minor research project
2. The research output will be published as a paper of the standard of a double blinded peer reviewed journal and encouraged to be sent for publication in WSC, Swadeshi Indology conference, IJHS, KV Sarma Research Foundation journal etc

Syllabus: Mutually decided between the learner and the mentor

Course: AI, ML, Natural language Processing – NLP, Computational systems thinking​

Course Code: BVS641

Credits: 3

L-T-P ratio: 1-1-1

Hours: 15

Prerequisite: BVS441

Course designer(s): T N Sudarshan

Objective: Understand the basis of today’s technology in Language Processing, Understand where Sanskrit and Śāstra are in the new knowledge creation landscape. Understand AI and its role in the future of the Sciences. Where do Sanskrit and Śāstra stand in terms of AI technology and vice-versa? How can we leverage the study and application of Śāstras using these technologies? A Roadmap of the future of Vedic Sciences Research and Engineering.

Expected outcomes:

1. Grasp the fundamentals regarding AI, ML and NLP
2. Discuss AI, ML, NLP and systemic thinking in the context of ‘Śāstra processing’

Syllabus:

Unit – 1: AI, Symbolic AI, Evolution of AI; Statistical AI; Machine Learning

Unit – 2: Sanskrit Modeling, Summary of State-Of-Art. Symbolic Modeling vs Statistical Modeling (Systems perspectives); Sanskrit, Śāstra and Modeling

Unit – 3: Limitations of Data, Statistical Machine Learning; How and Where can Śāstra help in core areas of Modern Science

References:

1. Lost in Math: How Beauty Leads Physics Astray
   1. https://blogs.scientificamerican.co...lacking-data-may-succumb-to-wishful-thinking/
2. http://ckraju.net/papers/Nonwestern-logic.pdf
3. http://www.hbcse.tifr.res.in/episteme/episteme-1/themes/ckraju_finalpaper
4. https://www.twn.my/title2/resurgence/2012/266-267/cover12.htm
5. Book: AI and Power –https://aiandpower.com/

Course: SWAYAM – TBD​

Pre-registration​

To pre-register for this program, please fill the Pre-Registration form here.

To access the introduction and FAQ based webinar on BSc VS view the video here.

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